Cenizo Journal Summer 2020 | Page 20

Big Bend Home & Garden by Kleo Belay Historic photos of Alpine from the late 1800s, when the town was still known as Murphyville, show a dusty desert outpost on the newly constructed railroad. Before the railroad, except for a few springs in the vicinity and spots along the creek bed, Alpine was another sunbaked piece of Earth in a wide desert expanse. Historic photos of Alpine from the late 1800s, when the town was still known as Murphyville, show a dusty desert outpost on the newly constructed railroad. Before the railroad, except for a few springs in the vicinity and spots along the creek bed, Alpine was another sunbaked piece of Earth in a wide desert expanse. As the town became the county seat and an economic center for the Big Bend region, the people who came to settle here transformed the harsh desert into a small forest oasis. Supported by well water in addition to rainfall, many species—fruit trees, non­natives and desert species usually found near rivers, creeks, or springs—thrive in the high altitude yet temperate climate of the Texas “Alps.” Higher altitudes often receive more rainfall released from clouds building and breaking against the mountainous land masses reaching into the sky. In addition, a recently developed theory of a “biotic pump” argues that the level of rainfall in a region is influenced by trees and forests. Where previously it was believed wind currents and rainfall patterns are influenced entirely by changes in temperature, the biotic pump theory proposes that forests and trees also influence wind currents and attract rainfall. The atmospheric implications from the moisture generated and held by forests are possibly a driving force behind the winds directing precipitation. Regardless of whether or not the increasing tree cover of Alpine has attracted more rainfall, it is certain that these trees are catalysts for life. What moisture is in the air, they absorb. The shade they provide cools the earth and slows evaporation. Their leaves and the birds, insects, and reptiles that trees attract add nutrients to the soil. A tree’s roots and canopy form a matrix where rainwater is absorbed instead of running off as often occurs in the open desert. Here is a look at some of the trees of Alpine, the town’s long standing residents whose presence are part of the beauty, refuge, and quality of life found in this quiet mountain town. An Elm tree has taken up residence in a narrow alley between two downtown businesses on Holland Ave. This opportunist tree is found throughout Alpine, popping up in areas where rainfall is diverted. In the late summer months, a parasitic insect devours the foliage, but these trees are quick­growing and leaf out again each spring. Rio Grande Cottonwood At its base, the trunk of this giant is 26 feet around. While most species of cottonwood have an average life span of around 50 years, some Rio Grande Cottonwoods are known to be older than 200, and still growing. In an area of Alpine where there existed an historic spring and the ground water is close to the surface, this ancient tree’s roots have been wet for likely over a century. 20 Cenizo Summer 2020