Cenizo Journal Spring 2017 | Page 24

Folkways by Maya Brown Zniewski. Illustration by Avram Dumitrescu. HONEY H oney is that great and glori- ous gift from the humble bumble bee. I cannot imag- ine a time in human history when we did not forage for and collect this most special of sweeteners.  I could speak here of the chemical makeup of honey, showing the glu- cose and monosaccharaides that are the same level of sweetness as com- mon table sugar. Place a reminder here that children under the age of two should not eat honey because there is a risk of botulism due to dor- mant spores that can remain in honey. Mostly I will be waxing on about the fine and tasty uses of honey.  There is a cave painting in Spain (which I have not seen in person) that tells the importance of honey; depict- ing or instructing how honey is gath- ered. The importance of honey to the lives of these people 8,000 years ago was so great as to be painted on the walls of their home. In the Nation of Georgia, burial sites up to 5,500 years old have been found to have pots of linden and other honeys. The ancient Mayan people used honey for wound care as well as for food, as did the Egyptians, Greeks and Romans. In Ayurveda (Indian) med- icine honey is used for those with weak digestion (honey contains all 22 amino acids, 28 minerals and more). Honey is also used for wounds and sores and as a first-thing-in-the- morning drink when mixed with lemon juice and water. In Chinese Medicine honey is sweet and neutral and is good for the lungs, large intes- tine, spleen and stomach. It is com- mon in many formulas for medicine. You've heard that saying, “a tea- spoonful of honey helps…” well, everything.  I highly suggest making your own honey cough drops instead of buying candy sold to us as cough drops. They are simple to make and you can switch out ingredients to your liking. Try honey, ginger and lemon drops. 24 Take 1/2 cup raw, local honey. I get mine from a woman down the road. When you buy it get the best quality you can.  Two Tablespoons lemon, lime, grapefruit or other cit- rus fruit. When the cactus tuna is in season, I would love to try making honey, tuna, ginger cough drops.  One teaspoon or more (to your liking) grated fresh ginger. I imagine you could use dried instead.  You'll need a candy ther- mometer (or know how to test hard and soft stage for candy), waxed or parchment paper and a tiny bit of oil.  Everything goes into a pan, I use a copper one or stainless is fine. I don't trust glass pans on the fire but you might do well with glass, too. As everything comes to a boil,  whisk until it foams and starts building up on the sides of the pan, remove from heat and whisk until foam is reincor- porated, then back on the heat. Keep doing this until the thermometer reads 300 degrees (hard crack stage.) CHECK OFTEN! You want hard crack stage. Drop a tiny bit into cold water and check it. If it forms a semi- hard ball when you play with it; it is ready. Pour it out onto a cookie sheet lined with parchment or wax  paper and spread pretty thinly. It will do most of the work for you. Let it cool then break into pieces. You can make it into balls to resemble drops before it completely sets but that’s a couple of extra steps. Store in a closed con- tainer.  Horehound cough drops are just about the same but simmer the hore- hound leaves in water for about 20 minutes, strain and use the hore- hound water as a base for the cough drops. Horehound is BITTER as anything and the honey helps cover up the bitterness. You can also add mint or sage for  health and flavor. You will develop your own favorite recipe!  In my recipe for elderberry syrup I take a half-cup of dried elderberries, Cenizo Second Quarter 2017 add a half cup water, one cinna- mon stick, 1/4 teaspoon fresh grated ginger and two or three cloves. Simmer gently until the water turns purplish-blue and the berries are all mushy, probably a half-hour. Strain out the solids and add an equal part of honey to liquid. Store this in the fridge. One teaspoon daily makes a great immune booster.  You can also make a fantastic facial cleanser with honey, plain or mixed with  clays, activated charcoal, oatmeal, or calming herbs like chamomile and laven- der. Grind about a tablespoon of your choice of ingredients, I like oatmeal and chamomile. Mix them with a tablespoon of honey. Using a previously-unused paint brush or makeup brush, apply to your skin. Wash with warm water. You'll want to mix up a fresh batch every time.  I've started making  switchels recently, also called  swizzys or hay- makers punch, among other names. The one I like best is Honoree. It is a mix of honey and vinegar, just like the drink.  Honoree, which seems to have originated in either the Caribbean or New England (or I imagine several other places), con- tains apple cider vinegar (vinegar with the mother, or floaters), honey, lemon, lime or other citrus juice and ginger. I like to add other herbs in my mix, especially peppermint.  Combine 2  Tablespoons unfil- tered raw apple cider vinegar, 2-3 Tablespoons honey to taste, 2 Tablespoons grated ginger and/or 2 or 3 minced peppermint leaves. (You can also add sage, cloves, cinnamon, or other herbs and spices to your lik- ing. Reduce the amount if you’re doing cloves and cinnamon to about 1/4 teaspoon.)  4-6 cups water, 2 Tablespoons lime, lemon or other citrus fruit juice. When cactus tunas are in season try the juice from them. Mix everything together in a mason jar, put a lid on it and store in the fridge over night or for about eight hours. Serve over ice with a mint gar- nish.  There are probably as many recipes for drinks like this as there are families, develop your own family recipe. I really think you'll love it. It is so refreshing on a hot day. You can infuse honey with flavor- ful herbs. Try rose petals (please use only organic or roses that you KNOW have not been sprayed. The pesticides used on roses are especially harmful to us.) Pack a glass jar with petals, and then fill again with honey. Let set for a month or six weeks. Use it as you would regular honey. I like  honeyed roses on toast or oat- meal. Add it to seltzer water for a sweet drink or you might try it with lime wedges and a shot of whiskey or tequila for a cocktail.  Feel free to visit my online apothe- cary at mayamadesoap.com  Disclaimer: The purpose of these articles is for information, not to provide health care. Please consult a  qualified herbalist or other health care provider for assistance with any health issue.